Project acronym ATMOPACS
Project Atmospheric Organic Particulate Matter, Air Quality and Climate Change Studies
Researcher (PI) Spyridon Pandis
Host Institution (HI) FOUNDATION FOR RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY HELLAS
Call Details Advanced Grant (AdG), PE10, ERC-2010-AdG_20100224
Summary Despite its importance for human health and climate change organic aerosol (OA) remains one of the least understood aspects of atmospheric chemistry. We propose to develop an innovative new framework for the description of OA in chemical transport and climate models that will be able to overcome the challenges posed by the chemical complexity of OA while capturing its essential features.
The objectives of ATMOPACS are: (i) The development of a new unified framework for the description of OA based on its two most important parameters: volatility and oxygen content. (ii) The development of measurement techniques for the volatility distribution and oxygen content distribution of OA. This will allow the experimental characterization of OA in this new “coordinate system”. (iii) The study of the major OA processes (partitioning, chemical aging, hygroscopicity, CCN formation, nucleation) in this new framework combining lab and field measurements. (iv) The development and evaluation of the next generation of regional and global CTMs using the above framework. (v) The quantification of the importance of the various sources and formation pathways of OA in Europe and the world, of the sensitivity of OA to emission control strategies, and its role in the direct and indirect effects of aerosols on climate.
The proposed work involves a combination of laboratory measurements, field measurements including novel “atmospheric perturbation experiments”, OA model development, and modelling in urban, regional, and global scales. Therefore, it will span the system scales starting from the nanoscale to the global. The modelling tools that will be developed will be made available to all other research groups.
Summary
Despite its importance for human health and climate change organic aerosol (OA) remains one of the least understood aspects of atmospheric chemistry. We propose to develop an innovative new framework for the description of OA in chemical transport and climate models that will be able to overcome the challenges posed by the chemical complexity of OA while capturing its essential features.
The objectives of ATMOPACS are: (i) The development of a new unified framework for the description of OA based on its two most important parameters: volatility and oxygen content. (ii) The development of measurement techniques for the volatility distribution and oxygen content distribution of OA. This will allow the experimental characterization of OA in this new “coordinate system”. (iii) The study of the major OA processes (partitioning, chemical aging, hygroscopicity, CCN formation, nucleation) in this new framework combining lab and field measurements. (iv) The development and evaluation of the next generation of regional and global CTMs using the above framework. (v) The quantification of the importance of the various sources and formation pathways of OA in Europe and the world, of the sensitivity of OA to emission control strategies, and its role in the direct and indirect effects of aerosols on climate.
The proposed work involves a combination of laboratory measurements, field measurements including novel “atmospheric perturbation experiments”, OA model development, and modelling in urban, regional, and global scales. Therefore, it will span the system scales starting from the nanoscale to the global. The modelling tools that will be developed will be made available to all other research groups.
Max ERC Funding
2 496 000 €
Duration
Start date: 2011-01-01, End date: 2015-12-31
Project acronym NetVolution
Project Evolving Internet Routing:
A Paradigm Shift to Foster Innovation
Researcher (PI) Christos-Xenofon Dimitropoulos
Host Institution (HI) IDRYMA TECHNOLOGIAS KAI EREVNAS
Call Details Starting Grant (StG), PE7, ERC-2013-StG
Summary Although the Internet is a great technological achievement, more than 40 years after its creation some of its original security and reliability problems remain unsolved. The root cause of these problems is the rigidity of the Internet architecture or in other words the Internet ossification problem, i.e., the basic architectural components of the Internet are set to stone and cannot be changed. The most ossified component of the Internet architecture is the inter-domain routing system.
In this project, our goal is to address this challenge and to introduce a new Internet routing architecture that 1) enables innovation at the inter-domain level, 2) is backward-compatible with the present Internet architecture, and 3) provides concrete economic incentives for adopting it. We propose a new Internet routing paradigm based on a novel techno-economic framework, which exploits emerging technologies and meets these three goals. Our novel idea is that the combination of routing control logic outsourcing with Software Defined Networking (SDN) principles enables to innovate at the inter-domain level and therefore has the potential for a major break-through in the architecture of the Internet routing system. SDN is a rapidly emerging new computer networking architecture that makes the routing control plane of a network programmable. Based on our framework, we propose to design, build, and verify a better inter-domain routing system, which solves fundamental security, reliability, and manageability problems of the Internet architecture. Our work will be organized in four core topics 1) build a mutli-domain centralized routing control platform, 2) improve the reliability and security of the current inter-domain routing system, 3) design techniques for resolving tussles between competing network domains, 4) introduce advanced network monitoring and security techniques that intelligently correlate data from multiple domain to diagnose routing outages and attacks.
Summary
Although the Internet is a great technological achievement, more than 40 years after its creation some of its original security and reliability problems remain unsolved. The root cause of these problems is the rigidity of the Internet architecture or in other words the Internet ossification problem, i.e., the basic architectural components of the Internet are set to stone and cannot be changed. The most ossified component of the Internet architecture is the inter-domain routing system.
In this project, our goal is to address this challenge and to introduce a new Internet routing architecture that 1) enables innovation at the inter-domain level, 2) is backward-compatible with the present Internet architecture, and 3) provides concrete economic incentives for adopting it. We propose a new Internet routing paradigm based on a novel techno-economic framework, which exploits emerging technologies and meets these three goals. Our novel idea is that the combination of routing control logic outsourcing with Software Defined Networking (SDN) principles enables to innovate at the inter-domain level and therefore has the potential for a major break-through in the architecture of the Internet routing system. SDN is a rapidly emerging new computer networking architecture that makes the routing control plane of a network programmable. Based on our framework, we propose to design, build, and verify a better inter-domain routing system, which solves fundamental security, reliability, and manageability problems of the Internet architecture. Our work will be organized in four core topics 1) build a mutli-domain centralized routing control platform, 2) improve the reliability and security of the current inter-domain routing system, 3) design techniques for resolving tussles between competing network domains, 4) introduce advanced network monitoring and security techniques that intelligently correlate data from multiple domain to diagnose routing outages and attacks.
Max ERC Funding
1 410 600 €
Duration
Start date: 2014-01-01, End date: 2018-12-31
